The letter A is pressed on the keyboard. Wiring Diagram of the German Army Enigma Cipher Machine: (Clockwise from top:) (44) Rotor Contacts (49) Lamp Contact Springs
The German Navy 4-rotor Enigma machine (M4) which was introduced for U-boat traffic on 1 February 1942. Wiring Diagram .

Arthur Scherbius invented his Enigma machine in 1918. The Enigma had a stack of three or four normal rotors, not in principle unlike those in a Hebern machine.

A history of the Enigma Cipher machine. As Calvocoressi pointed out: "These parts or gadgets consisted of a set of wheels rotors and a set of plugs. This action ensures that a new alphabet is being used for every keystroke. Both the person sending and receiving the message had a handbook that told him what he had to do each day. ENIGMA MACHINE WIRING DIAGRAM: (Trace the battery voltage through the keyboard letter 'Q', the plugboard, the rotors, the plugboard again, the keyboard again, and ultimately to the light bulb letter 'W'). What happens in the machine during the encryption process is best described using a diagram Enigma circuit as shown below. By way of introduction, see the Historical Background to Enigma and the Key Players Involved.. In reality, there are 26 lamps, keys, plugs and wirings inside the rotors. The Enigma of Alan Turing ... ENIGMA was a cipher machine—each keystroke replaced a character in the message with another character determined by the machine’s rotor settings and wiring arrangements that were previously established between the sender and the receiver. to the German secret service, the Abwehr) and to some foreign customers. Therefore further we will replace transition diagrams by high-level descriptions, as initially suggested Examples of Turing Machines – p.14/22
You can compare its effect with the addition of a further rotor to effect a scrambling both between the keyboard and the entry disc, and between the entry disc and the lamp panel. Enigma machines became more and more …

The Kriegsmarine Enigma key sheets consisted of two parts. The first machines were invented at the end of World War I by German engineer Arthur Scherbius and were mainly used to protect commercial, diplomatic and military communication. One or more rotors move on each key stroke. Like all the best cryptography, the Enigma machine is simple to describe, but infuriating to break. Arthur Scherbius and the Enigma Machine.

The Kriegsmarine (German Wartime Navy) procedures on sending messages with the Enigma cipher machine were far more complex and elaborate than the Heer and Luftwaffe procedures.

The transition diagram in Figure 2 is rather complex. On this page we will try to explain how the Enigma works. The first machines were invented at the end of World War I by German engineer Arthur Scherbius and were mainly used to protect commercial, diplomatic and military communication. U.S. Patent 01657411 was granted for Enigma in 1928.

Basic Principles of the Enigma. To simplify the example, only four components of each are shown. Enigma's Secrets . At the same time the right wheel N is being advanced by one step.